BRAIN GUT 7: INTRO TO YOUR GUT MICROBIOME

Many of you know I believe obesity if an inflammatory disease of the brain. Where this disease begins may surprise some of you. It begins in our gut flora. How does this happen? Read this link! Sub optimal bacteria which contain bacterial toxins called lipopolysaccharides (LPS) which are found in bacterial cell membranes. As gut LPS rises, it has been shown to cause a rise in serum leptin levels. Once leptin levels are raised high enough it stimulates SOCS 3 signaling in the hypothalamus to cause LR.

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COLD THERMOGENESIS 7

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READER SUMMARY: 1. WHAT SHAPES US, GENES OR ENVIRONMENT? 2. WHAT IS THE NORMAL CIRCADIAN BIOLOGY IN A 24 HOUR DAY? CT-7 is about how we are shaped by our environment by the evolutionary erosion of time that our ancestors faced. All life on this planet is shaped by two major variables in our environment: the sun and the seasonal changes. No matter the place present on earth, there are always alterations in these two factors that are cyclic, and always accounted for by all living organisms at some fashion. In some mammals, like man, it is accounted for centrally in the brain and peripherally in our organ ultradian clocks. This is why we have different patterns of aging in certain organs. From an evolutionary perspective, this makes a tremendous amount of sense because life is using the “knowns” of its environment to construct a reality that will ensure its survival. This is the basis of epigenetic signaling that we now know to be the major genetic modifier of the genome of all animals. The major signal transducer in Epigenetics is found in the cellular signaling in our cell membranes that interact with the environment and our inner hormones thatContinue Reading

REWIRING THE LEPTIN RX RESET………..

REWIRING THE LEPTIN RX RESET……….. READERS SUMMARY: 1.  WHAT IS EVOLUTIONARY STRATEGY BASED UPON? 2.  WHY IS CIRCADIAN BIOLOGY CRITICAL? 3.  HOW DOES CIRCADIAN BIOLOGY REACT IN NORMAL ENVIRONMENTS? 4.  HOW MIGHT DISRUPTED CIRCADIAN BIOLOGY LEAD TO CANCER? 5. WHAT MIGHT YOU CONSIDER ADDING TO THE LEPTIN RX RESET PROTOCOL? Evolutionary strategy is based upon finding an environmental niche and exploiting it.  Evolution is based upon change and the natural adaptations to it.  Today, we are going to explore how some environmental triggers might open a “biochemical trap door” that will allow me to add a new recommendation for you to consider adding to the Leptin Rx reset protocol for those who are LR. I am beginning a series on circadian biology to show you how this all ties in together.  Today, I will give you a very cursory review of why circadian biology, leptin, and environment are critical to using the QUILT to obtain your Optimal life. WHY IS CIRCADIAN BIOLOGY CRITICAL TO HUMANS? For evolution to work Optimally, a cell first must adapt to its environment. The first situation any living cell would be subjected to in an earth day is a period of day and night. Over time it wouldContinue Reading

HEY LYME DISEASE, MEET LEPTIN!

READERS SUMMARY: 1. WHY IS LYME MISUNDERSTOOD? 2. IS LYME CONNECTED TO FIBROMYALGIA, MOLD, CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME? 3. HOW DO WE TEST FOR IT AND HOW MIGHT WE TREAT IT? 4. HOW DOES LEPTIN TIE INTO THIS STORY? I do not believe there is a more misunderstood disease by conventional medicine than Lyme disease and Fibromyalgia. Many healthcare providers do not even think FM exists to the determent of millions of people. It is estimated that ten million people suffer from these diseases today. 75% of them are women. The reason for that is because leptin is involved, and as you all know it is a sexually dimorphic hormone. These are diseases that affect the fat cells in all parts of our body. They also cause issues with adiponectin, which is also sexually dimorphic. Many women will be glad to know that fact. Understanding Lyme disease actually helps you understand FM very well. Both diseases cause abnormal activation of an immune mediated pathway that takes over cytokine production in the fat cells that line our GI tracts, respiratory tracts, sinuses, and many other organs. Most know that Lyme is most commonly associated with a tick bite, and the host getsContinue Reading

THE PRIMAL PRINCIPLES OF OPTIMAL LIVING

READERS SUMMARY: WHAT DID YOU LEARN ABOUT YOUR YOURSELF IN 2011? WHAT DO YOU HOPE TO BUILD INTO YOU IN 2012? HOW ARE YOU GOING TO DO IT? WHAT ARE THE PRIMAL PRINCIPLES TO OPTIMAL LIVING?   Today is the last day of 2011 and I have written over 60,ooo words for the new book that I agreed to write with Mark Sisson since 12/23/2011. The book has just flowed from me. As I wrote one chapter today, it occurred to me that I have neglected the blog. I thought about what I learned the most about me this year in 2011. I learned that I spent an entire lifetime feeding my left hemisphere and subjugated the talents I had in my right hemisphere. You can’t become an oral surgeon and a neurosurgeon if you pander constantly to your more creative side. In fact, you need to use and develop the skill set in your left hemisphere. It has helped me become who I am today. I realized in the process of writing the book that like a body builder who works on their upper body to the detriment of their other body parts, you can become unbalanced in whoContinue Reading

WHAT IS THE PRIMAL SPIRIT?

READERS SUMMARY: 1. WHAT I WISH FOR EVERY READER OF MY BLOG THIS HOLIDAY SEASON. 2. CONSIDER GIVING A RANDOM STRANGER THE GIFT OF PAYING IT FORWARD ONCE A DAY FOR THE NEXT 12 DAYS 3. FOCUS ON THOSE WHO MATTER TO YOU THE NEXT 12 DAYS 4. EXPAND THE GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO MATTER TO YOU WHILE YOU CAN 5. SHARE YOUR STORIES OF PRIMAL GROWTH WITH YOUR FAMILY AND FRIENDS THIS HOLIDAY SEASON The best of all gifts around any Christmas tree are the presence of a happy family and friends all wrapped up in the rapture of each other. I hope that these 12 thoughts might make the coming days that you spend with your loved ones the beginning of how you chose to spread the Primal Spirit. Christmas is not the sparkling glitter, lights and outward display of commercialism. The secret of the season lies in burning a bright inner primal glow for everyone to see. It’s about re-lighting a fire inside our heart, and sharing that flame to light those who you touch. Sharing that good will and joy are a vital part of finding peace of mind. It’s will lead us to higher thoughts,Continue Reading

FINDING YOUR PRIMAL SENSE……….

READERS SUMMARY: 1. SOMEWHERE WITHIN IS OUR PRIMAL SENSE. 2. HOW MIGHT YOU OPEN YOUR MIND BEFORE THE LEPTIN RX RESET IS BEGUN AND FIND YOUR PRIMAL SENSE? I recently did a video interview with a former patient and friend of mine, Mrs. Jodi Wibel, from New Orleans, who sustained a massive change to her life recently. This will be chronicled in an informal video testimonial on my site shortly. Her story inspired me on many levels to write this blog. Much of what she said to me that day really resonated with me. She told me after the interview that I needed to write more about how I think, and how I motivate and seek to help people change themselves when they are at a crossroads. Too often, we and the people around us, become creatures to how we think chronically, without ever realizing it. This thinking is what creates ruts and plateaus in our life. Change is best carried out, not when we are in a rut, but when we are at the edge of our comfort zone. Even our friends and family can be enablers to our bad habitual thinking about change. People who lack the clarity,Continue Reading

CORTISOL RESPONSE

READERS SUMMARY: HOW MIGHT I CORRECT A CORTISOL PROBLEM? HOW MIGHT I DEAL WITH A LOW CORTISOL? HOW MIGHT I DEAL WITH A HIGH CORTISOL?   Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone. It is the most important one in humans, produced by the adrenal cortex and participates in the body’s homeostasis and stress responses. Cortisol concentrations also follow a circadian rhythm.  It is a more complex rhythm than the human melatonin rhythm. Unlike the melatonin rhythm, human cortisol rhythms do not seem to be totally associated with day and night per se, but seem to be more closely tied to the “transition periods” from dark to light and to a lesser extent, from light to dark. Transitioning light levels play a tremendous role in cortisol rhythms in humans.  In addition to its circadian rhythm exhibiting a predictable peak in the morning, cortisol levels typically elevate sharply in the morning, 30 minutes to an hour after awakening.  The glucocorticoid levels synthesized by the adrenal gland across the 24 hour day appear to be under the control of two distinct systems, one governed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and one controlled by the autonomic nervous system through the adrenal medulla.  Evidence supports that cortisolContinue Reading

WHAT CAN YOU FIND ABOUT YOUR OWN HEALTH?

READERS SUMMARY:   WHAT ARE SOME OF THE CLINICAL SIGNS ONE MIGHT FIND WITHOUT TESTING OR A DOCTOR? WHAT THINGS MIGHT I LOOK FOR AT HOME ? WHAT VITAMIN OR SUPPLEMENT SIGNS SHOULD I PAY ATTENTION TO AS I ADAPT TO A PALEO TEMPLATE?     Do you think you may be deficient in Vitamin D? Might you also not be able to afford to see a doctor or get testing done? I think you might find this blog helpful until you can get a doctor’s help and blood testing and salivary testing done. There is a pretty easy “home testing” you can do by yourself if you know what to look for. Use an eating utensil like a knife or spoon handle or a screw driver shaft to roll over your tibia bone in your anterior lower leg. This is the part of your leg commonly known as the shin. People who are Vitamin D deficient usually have a lot of pain when it is rolled over their shin using directed compression of the hard instrument over the length of the tibia. If you have that symptom, you might be Vitamin D deficient and you may need to supplementContinue Reading

SO YOU COMPLETED THE LEPTIN RX? WHAT'S NEXT?

READERS SUMMARY   1. HOW DOES THE LEPTIN RX EVOLVE INTO THE PERMANENT PALEO TEMPLATE? 2. WAS FINDING OUT ABOUT ULTRADIAN RYTHMS WERE KEY TO DESIGNING THE LEPTIN RX? 3.  HOW IMPORTANT ARE ULTRADIAN RHYTHMS TO A DEVELOPING FETUS? 4. HOW DOES A FETUS HANDLE CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS WHEN ITS LEPTIN RECEPTOR IS NON FUNCTIONAL? 5.  WHAT IS THE POSTSCRIPT FOR THE LEPTIN RX? 6. HOW DOES ONE GET TO OPTIMAL LIVING USING CIRCADIAN CYCLES?   Once you have added the Leptin Rx to your paleo/primal template and you have successfully experienced all the “small wins” that I mentioned in the Leptin FAQ’s blog, what should you do next?  If you recall reading the blog on how the leptin Rx works, it basically is a plan to make your gastrointestinal tract perform visceral exercises that it is not accustomed to performing, in order to cause neuroplastic changes in your hypothalamus’ arcuate nucleus.  It uses the vagus nerve as the “stimulator” to send these new messages to the brain.  After a period of time, the inflammation will slowly dissipate at the median eminence, and these afferent signals will force expression of certain genes that have been repressed since we were in utero.  TheseContinue Reading

OSTEOPOROSIS PART ONE

READERS SUMMARY: 1. IS OSTEOPOROSIS TIED TO LEPTIN BIOCHEMISTRY? 2. DOES YOUR SPINE SURGEON KNOW WHAT REALLY CAUSES BAD BONE? 3. WHAT DIETARY FACTORS ARE TIED TO OSTEOPOROTIC RISK? 4. DOES YOUR GUT CONTROL YOUR BONE MASS? 5. WHAT LITTLE KNOWN HORMONES CONTROL YOUR BONE MASS?   In my day job as a neurosurgeon, I operate on a lot of diseased spines.  In the last 12 years, I have repaired over 1000 vertebral fractures from osteoporosis.  If you remember back to my podcast with Jimmy Moore, I mentioned in the talk that the changes I had seen in osteoporosis incidence and prevalence is what made me look for the underlying cause.  This ultimately led me to leptin and our diet.  Many people think since bones are hard and used for support that they are not an active tissue.  Bone is a very active tissue in the body that is constantly turned over. We constantly lay down new bone to stressors and resorb bone from areas that are not stressed.  Since bone is so active, it uses massive amounts of energy.  This is where leptin comes in.  Any tissue that requires a ton of energy is coupled to leptin biochemistry.  The story on bones and osteoporosis, however, isContinue Reading

HOW DOES THE LEPTIN RX WORK?

READERS SUMMARY:   HOW DOES THE LEPTIN RX WORK? DO WE HAVE ALTERNATIVE PATHWAYS THAT LEPTIN USED TO USE? WHY IS LEPTIN AND LIGHT YOKED? DOES TIMING MATTER MORE THAN MACRO-NUTIRENTS IN A LEPTIN RESET?   Many people have contacted me about “why” the leptin Rx works and “how” does it work.  Many people in the blogosphere have made some claims that much of what is in the leptin Rx is a rehash of the work found in some diet books.  Well, today’s post is being done to show you the science underneath my recommendations were formulated and made.  None of the underlying science I will mention to you about neuroplasticity will be found in any diet book mentioned in any blog post that I know of.  Most of you know I am a neurosurgeon, and as such, I was dramatically influenced by two world famous neurosurgeons named Wilder Penfield and David Kline.  Dr. Penfield was the first neurosurgeon to use electrodes on the brain to map it prior to surgeries to avoid neurologic damage during tumor removal.  Dr. Kline was and still is the pre eminent world expert in peripheral nerve surgery.  I happened to train with Dr. KlineContinue Reading

INTERMITTENT FASTING and LEPTIN

READERS SUMMARY: 1. HOW DOES IF WORK BIOCHEMICALLY? 2. WHO HAS A GREAT PROTOCOL ON IFing? 3. WHAT IS THE AMPk PATHWAY AND HOW DOES IT AFFECT IF? 4. WHAT HAPPENS IN THE BRAIN, LIVER, and MUSCLES WHEN YOU IF? 5. WHY IFing DOES NOT WORK WHEN SOMEONE IS LEPTIN RESISTANT? Today I decided to blog about Intermittent fasting (IF). Since I wrote the Leptin FAQs I have been bombarded with requests about IFing and how it relates to leptin signaling. I mentioned in the FAQs that I love IFing but not when someone is LR. The reason for this is how the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway (AMPk) works. THe AMPk pathway is best described as a fuel sensor for lipid and glucose metabolism. In humans, the control of glucose homeostasis is governed by the balance between intestinal absorption and endogenous hepatic production by the liver and the uptake done in the muscles. Intermittent fasting is a behavioral modification that specifically alters feeding behavior to cause disruptions in glucose and lipid metabolism in humans. It also has specific times when exercising is done as well. When it is practiced well is can lead humans to shred body fat and reallyContinue Reading

THE LEPTIN RX…FAQ's

READERS SUMMARY: 1. WHAT QUESTIONS DO YOU HAVE ABOUT THE LEPTIN RX? 2. WHAT QUESTIONS WOULD YOU LIKE TO SEE ADDED TO THE FAQs? 3. POST YOUR EXPERIENCE WITH THE LEPTIN RESET IN THE COMMENTS What should I do before I start the Leptin Reset? Before you start, take a picture of yourself from all angles. Don’t be bashful or you’ll be sorry in 18-24 months. Next, weigh yourself naked. Let your significant other or a family member take this picture. Go to the store and buy a piece of clothing that does not fit you now, but will when you have met your goal. Remember, calories are important when you’re LR (leptin resistant) and mean nothing once you are LS (leptin sensitive). Macronutirents count when you’re LR and mean nothing when you’re LS. How do I determine if I am leptin resistant? Remember, you can be LR (leptin resistant) if you’re fat or skinny. If you’re overweight by more than 30lbs, it is a lock you have some degree of LR. If you’re underweight by 20 lbs, you are likely LR, too. If you had an eating disorder, you’re likely suffering from a serious leptin issue. The easiest testContinue Reading

CENTRAL LEPTIN DOMINANCE PART 3 KING OF HILL

READERS SUMMARY: 1. WHAT DO THE REWARD TRACTS DO? 2. WHY NEUROSURGERY DOES NOT SUPPORT REWARD THEORY? 3. WHY LEPTIN IS KING OF THE HILL WITH RESPECT TO OBESITY? 4. WHY LEPTIN IS SO CRITICAL FOR CONTROL OF EVERYTHING DEPENDENT ON ENERGY? 5. WHAT TYPE OF DIET IS BEST FOR PREVENTION OF NEOLITHIC DISEASE OR AGING? So now that we examined Dr. Lustig’s insulin theory of metabolic control we need to take a look at the reward tracts that are located in the human brain. These tracts have been well studied and their neurochemistry is well understood. What appears not to be as well known is how the hypocretin neurons and the leptin receptor control and modulate their activity. The key point here is that the dopaminegic tracts eloquently spoken of Dr. Guyenet’s reward series are the “efferent only” path that is part of the effector arm of the leptin receptor and the hypocretin neurons. This means, in English, they are playing second fiddle to the leptin receptors and are not the dominant cause of obesity. They clearly play a major role in the neuro-circutry but they do not control obesity. They carry out the action but the orders wereContinue Reading

CENTRAL LEPTIN DOMINANCE PART 2

READERS SUMMARY: 1. WHY ARE MEN AND WOMEN REALLY FROM MARS AND VENUS REGARDING LEPTIN? 2. WHY HAVING A BABY SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETELY IS DEPENDENT UPON LEPTIN? 3. HOW DOES LEPTIN CONTROL FERTILITY? 4. HOW DOES LEPTIN STATUS AFFECT EPIGENETIC SIGNALING? 5. WHY DR. LUSTIG’s NEW HYPOTHESIS MIGHT BE LEAKING SOME FRUCTOSE? Continuing on in the Central leptin series we will resume in Orlando, Florida. In Orlando Dr. Myers, went on to say, “In addition to examining the molecular details and importance of specific LRb signals, we are dissecting the regulation and function of individual populations of LRb-expressing neurons and examining the role of leptin in the development of neural circuits. By understanding the totality of leptin action in this way we hope to decipher the mechanisms by which leptin regulates the predisposition to diabetes and other aspects of the metabolic syndrome.” This statement carries huge implications. He has found that not only is leptin neurons somatotopically organized in the brain, but the leptin receptor also appears to be somatotopically organized into certain regions that wire and select certain neurons in the brain that modulate all parts of the obesity physiologic response. It also appears that this organization is different inContinue Reading

CENTRAL LEPTIN DOMINANCE FOR HEALTH PART 1

READERS SUMMARY: 1. WHY IS LEPTIN THE LYNCHPIN TO HEALTH? 2. HOW DOES THE BRAIN CONTROL 20 TRILLION CELLS ENERGY NEEDS? 3. WHO ARE DRS. MARTIN MYERS and LUIS DE LECEA AND WHAT DOES THEIR WORK SAY ON LEPTIN? 4. IS LEPTIN DYSREGULATION THE CAUSE OF OBESITY, NEOLITHIC DISEASE, AND AGING? Today we are going to cut deeper into the leptin story. Today we need to look at the leptin receptor because its biology will explain why studying macronutients at a dietary level just becomes a confusing mess with seemingly multiple paradoxes. I recently commented on this in Paul Jaminet’s blog on August 24th 2011. The comment was very detailed but not written well so I am going to lay out the reasoning in the next few blogs. As most of you know leptin is the lynchpin in my QUILT and sits at position two. Many people might not realize how important it is for health, in sickness, and for optimal endocrine function. It is the dominant factor in obesity and this series is out to show you why this is the case based upon the data coming out of some labs who specialize in this neurobiology. Now would beContinue Reading

WHAT ARE THE OPTIMIZING LABS?

READERS SUMMARY: 1. What labs might I consider with my healthcare provider? 2. How do I start? 3. Is the quantified self platform of testing a commitment? 4. How long should it take before I become rockstarish? 5. The secret sauce is not the lab data but in how they are interpreted! When you finally decide to take total control of you life and optimize yourself I always suggest testing. Many of you have bombarded my email and my twitter account (@DigiSurg) for a blog to a list of those labs. Well, today’s post is for you. I was resistant to do this because I felt having the list of labs is a waste of time if you don’t have a physician who can decipher what they all mean for you. 7 years ago I could not tell you what this group of labs meant at all to your optimal health. I learned it by reading and going to classes to optimize myself. After much reflection I have decided to give you what you asked for. I am fortunate because many of the PCP’s I work with understand these tests well. I may also update it as I think itContinue Reading

YOUR VAP = BRAIN GUT AXIS FUNCTION

READERS SUMMARY: 1. What can we use a VAP test for? And WHY you should ask your doc for it instead of a regular lipid test? 2. Should our diet be static or dynamic endeavor? 3. How does the brain gut axis function and sustain health or promote disease? 4. How do hormones tie this all together? 5. How does HS CRP, thyroid and the brain all make love and not war? When most people get a VAP they think heart and lipid study. I do not. I use this test to assess levee 5. Most people in the paleo world associate a leaky gut with a gluten problem. I do not. The VAP test is the best test to use to assess the function of our gut and how leaky it is based upon the fuels we are feeding it now. If you really dissect your VAP you can learn a lot about what you should be eating and you should not be eating based upon your current cellular homeostasis. Most people think a diet is static. I believe a diet must be dynamically altered based upon the testing feedback we receive from our body. As most of youContinue Reading

MY LEPTIN PRESCRIPTION

READERS SUMMARY: 1. How do I start? 2. What are the guidelines to remain mindful of? 3. The fuel is the food, but how you eat that fuel is more important 4. How does Leptin tie into the quilt survivability index? I have been asked by many to put a short post out about how I reverse Leptin resistance in my own clinic for my patients.  After reading all of the comments left here, at MDA, and on Jimmy Moore’s forum, I decided that it was a good idea. 1.  First make sure you really are Leptin resistant (LR) to begin with. The easiest way to do this if you are heavy is to look in the mirror.  If you’re overweight you definitely are Leptin resistant.  If you still have a large appetite and crave carbohydrates, especially at night, these are also signs that you are likely Leptin resistant.  If you are fit or in decent shape and not sure based upon the above symptoms, I would tell you to go get a blood test and check your reverse T3.  It will be elevated.  I also recommend simultaneously checking a salivary cortisol level.  With LR, you will always see higher cortisol levels later inContinue Reading